Species
+

Angelonia salicariifolia Bonpl.

Angelón, Granny's bonnet, Willowleaf Angelon, ʻōmiʻi māngikī

Climate known 52 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Angelonia salicariifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae. This species is native to Bolivia, Brazil, and northeast Argentina.

Text from Wikipedia, “Angelonia salicariifolia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Angelonia

Angelonia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae. It comprises about 30 species which occur from Mexico to Argentina. Species of the genus Angelonia are herbaceous plants occurring mainly in arid and semi-arid habitats. More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Angelonia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Plantaginaceae
Described by
Bonpl.
Native to
Bolivia, Brazil West-Central, Brazil Northeast +3
Wild records
241 in range· 229 open

At a glance

Warmest month
32°C
Nov, mean day; nights 22 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
747mm/yr
11 wet months · peak Mar 129 mm (CHELSA)
Light
25–41DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: a summer growing season, December to May at the habitat (not shifted). Habitat rain 747 mm a year, wettest March at 129 mm, driest October at 22 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 25 to 41 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 14.7 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Angelonia evitae Descole & Borsini; Angelonia hirta Cham.; Angelonia leandrii J.Kickx fil.; Physidium gardneri (Hook.) G.Nicholson; Thylacantha campestris Mart.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, December to May at the habitat (not shifted).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (542 mm of 747 mm) falls in December to May, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 26.2 °C against a yearly mean of 25.2 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere, within 10° of the equator; with no thermal season there there is no season to reverse, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 747 mm a year, wettest March at 129 mm, driest October at 22 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

747 mm a year at the habitat, 542 mm of it December to May. Wettest month March at 129 mm, driest October at 22 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 551 mm to 1462 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 25 to 41 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 25 to 41 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 19, the highest 90th-percentile month 45).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 14.7 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 14.7 °C, the absolute minimum 12.1 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 38.8 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 18.5 °C in July (across the envelope cells 14.1 °C to 19.8 °C), warmest day 31.9 °C in November (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 14.7 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 56 to 62% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 26 °C in Jul to 32 °C in Nov; mean night from 19 °C in Jul to 23 °C in Jan. The cold quarter, Jun to Aug, is the three months around the coldest night. 747 mm of rain a year, most in Mar. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 206 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was 12.1 °C and the 99th-percentile day 38.8 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.10°15°20°25°30°35°40°38.8° 99th-percentile day (undated)12.1° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 25–41RH 56–62 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 206 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C32 / 29–3331 / 29–3231 / 29–3230 / 27–3128 / 24–3027 / 23–2926 / 22–2927 / 24–3030 / 26–3232 / 28–3432 / 28–3432 / 29–34
Night °C23 / 20–2422 / 20–2422 / 20–2422 / 19–2321 / 17–2219 / 15–2119 / 14–2019 / 15–2019 / 16–2121 / 18–2322 / 19–2422 / 20–24
Rain mm84 / 48–19888 / 51–163129 / 83–189101 / 66–18870 / 37–14251 / 17–14533 / 11–11631 / 4–8428 / 4–8322 / 9–13440 / 12–16770 / 32–187
DLI40 / 36–4239 / 36–4137 / 34–3932 / 28–3528 / 21–3125 / 19–2826 / 21–2930 / 26–3435 / 30–4139 / 36–4541 / 38–4541 / 37–43
RH %59 / 54–6460 / 56–6560 / 57–6561 / 58–6761 / 58–6762 / 58–6860 / 55–6758 / 53–6656 / 52–6457 / 50–6358 / 50–6358 / 51–63

Each figure is the median across the 206 grid cells holding the 239 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 2035:2816 (-11.775, -39.175). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 12.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 14.7 °C, 99th-percentile day 38.8 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 206 distinct grid cells holding the 239 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2035:2816 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -12.00_-39.375, lapse-corrected +47 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 291 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeBolivia, Brazil West-Central, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Argentina Northeast, Paraguay· introduced: Guinea, Assam, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Gilbert Is., Marquesas, Society Is., Florida, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia
Kew's description“subshrub” · “seasonally dry tropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker-7.639, -38.5 · in the densest population, 80 records (33% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 241 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 229 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker in the same place. 155 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 2 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 241 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Angelonia salicariifoliaAngelonia salicariifoliaAngelonia salicariifoliaAngelonia salicariifoliaAngelonia salicariifoliaAngelonia salicariifoliaAngelonia salicariifoliaAngelonia salicariifolia

Photographs: (c) Thomaz Ricardo Favreto Sinani, some rights reserved (CC BY) (6); (c) Matias Cabezas, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Paulmathi Vinod, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Angelonia salicariifolia, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Horizontal Gene Transfer from Genus Agrobacterium to the Plant Linaria in Nature
Tatiana V. Matveeva, D.I. Bogomaz, Olga Pavlova, Eugene W. Nester (2012) · Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
Production of dwarf potted gentian using wild-type Agrobacterium rhizogenes
Kei‐ichiro Mishiba, Masahiro Nishihara, Yoshiko Abe, Takashi Nakatsuka (2006) · Plant Biotechnology
Suppression of B function strongly supports the modified ABCE model in Tricyrtis sp. (Liliaceae)
Masahiro Otani, Ahmad Sharifi, Shosei Kubota, K Oizumi (2016) · Scientific Reports
Comparative seed morphology of Trifolium L. Species (Fabaceae)
Lana Zorić, Ljiljana Merkulov, Jadranka Luković, Pal Boža (2010) · University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE)
Lista atualizada da flora vascular do Parque Nacional (PARNA) Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brasil
Ana Cecília da Cruz Silva, Eduardo Vinícius da Silva Oliveira, Marccus Alves, Marta Cristina Vieira Farias (2019) · Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciências Exatas e da Natureza
Notes on oil sources for the bee genus Caenonomada(Hymenoptera, Apidae, Tapinotaspidini)
Antônio J. C. Aguiar, Gabriel A. R. Melo (2009) · Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
Morphological variation in Tricyrtis hirta plants regenerated from heavy ion beam-irradiated embryogenic calluses
Masaru Nakano, Junji Amano, Yusuke Watanabe, Toshikazu Nomizu (2010) · Plant Biotechnology

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 79 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.