Colchicum laetum, Zavetinsky District, Rostov Oblast, RU

Colchicum laetum Steven

Colchicaceae

Climate known 11 photographs Bulb, tuber or caudex

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Colchicum laetum is a species of Colchicum found in south east Russia through to the Caucasus.

Text from Wikipedia, “Colchicum laetum”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Colchicum

Colchicum is a genus of perennial flowering plants containing around 160 species which grow from bulb-like corms. It is a member of the botanical family Colchicaceae, and is native to West Asia, Europe, parts of the Mediterranean coast, down the East African coast to South Africa and the Western Cape. In this genus, the ovary of the flower is underground. More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Colchicum”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family

Colchicaceae

Described by

Steven

Native to

South European Russia, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus

Wild records

186 in range· 66 open

At a glance

Warmest month

30°C

Jul, mean day; nights 19 °C (CHELSA)

Rain

399mm/yr

11 wet months · peak Jun 49 mm (CHELSA)

Light

6–40DLI

mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)

In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person

Grouped as a bulb, tuber or caudex by the genus Colchicum, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (May to December in the northern hemisphere). Habitat rain 399 mm a year, wettest June at 49 mm, driest February at 22 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 6 to 40 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -18.1 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Colchicum ×byzantinum var. laetum (Steven) Nyman.

Cultivation

Grouped as a bulb, tuber or caudex by the genus Colchicum, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). The table holds no figure for this group, which spans too much for one minimum; the cold floor is the habitat's alone, and no prose comes from the table.

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (May to December in the northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (293 mm of 399 mm) takes 8 months, May to December. Mean temperature moves 28.4 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to June.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 399 mm a year, wettest June at 49 mm, driest February at 22 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

399 mm a year at the habitat, 293 mm of it May to December. Wettest month June at 49 mm, driest February at 22 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 360 mm to 509 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 6 to 40 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 6 to 40 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 5, the highest 90th-percentile month 40).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -18.1 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -18.1 °C, the absolute minimum -32.3 °C, about 134 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 38.5 °C. Monthly means: coldest night -6.9 °C in February (across the envelope cells -8.7 °C to -5.2 °C), warmest day 29.8 °C in July (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -18.1 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 50 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 101 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale

Figures by month

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Day °C	-1 / -2–1	0 / -2–2	6 / 4–8	15 / 14–16	22 / 21–22	27 / 26–28	30 / 28–31	29 / 28–30	22 / 21–23	14 / 13–16	6 / 4–8	1 / -1–3
Night °C	-6 / -8–-5	-7 / -9–-5	-3 / -4–-1	5 / 4–6	11 / 10–11	16 / 15–17	19 / 18–20	18 / 17–19	12 / 12–14	6 / 5–8	-0 / -1–1	-4 / -6–-3
Rain mm	27 / 24–35	22 / 20–27	28 / 24–31	29 / 27–42	48 / 39–58	49 / 41–74	37 / 32–55	31 / 27–47	31 / 27–44	31 / 28–41	33 / 30–38	33 / 28–43
DLI	7 / 7–9	13 / 13–14	21 / 21–22	30 / 29–30	37 / 36–37	40 / 38–40	40 / 39–40	35 / 34–36	25 / 24–26	15 / 14–16	8 / 7–9	6 / 5–7
RH %	69 / 67–70	67 / 66–69	62 / 61–63	56 / 55–58	53 / 52–56	52 / 51–55	50 / 49–53	50 / 49–53	53 / 53–57	59 / 58–62	66 / 65–67	69 / 68–70

Each figure is the median across the 101 grid cells holding the 175 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 870:4485 (46.475, 44.275). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -32.3 °C, 1st-percentile night -18.1 °C, 99th-percentile day 38.5 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 101 distinct grid cells holding the 175 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 870:4485 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 46.50_44.375, lapse-corrected -15 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 85 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.

Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.

NativeSouth European Russia, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus

Kew's description“tuberous geophyte” · “temperate”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here

Map marker46.463, 44.266 · in the densest population, 139 records (75% of those in range)

Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 186 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 66 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 71 km away. 38 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 11 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.

The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 186 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Photographs: (c) Jesenia K., some rights reserved (CC BY) (6); (c) Konstantin Grebennikov, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2).

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Colchicum laetum, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

материалы к флоре Волгоградской области

Сенатор Степан Александрович, Васюков Владимир Михайлович, Зибзеев Евгений Григорьевич, Королюк Андрей Юрьевич (2018) · CyberLeninK (CyberLeninka)

Alkaloids of the corms of Colchicum laetum

Olga Popova, D. A. Murav'eva, О. Н. Толкачев (1991) · Chemistry of Natural Compounds

The variety of shapes perianth leaflet of Colchicum laetum L., C. ancyrense B. L. Burtt and C. bulbocodium var. versicolor (Ker Gawl.) K. Perss

V. S. Epifanov, A. S. Parkhomenko, A. O. Kondratieva, Anastasya D. Orlova (2024) · Izvestiya of Saratov University Chemistry Biology Ecology

Morphological variability of Colchicum laetum Steven (Colchidaceae) populations in the Lower Volga region and surrounding territories

А. В. Богослов, А. С. Пархоменко, A. O. Kondratieva, И. В. Шилова (2022) · Izvestiya of Saratov University Chemistry Biology Ecology

[Dynamics of colchicine accumulation in Colchicum speciosum Stev. and Colchicum laetum Stev. in their cultivation in the Moscow area].

Salo Vm (1998) · PubMed

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