Species
+

Escallonia rubra (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Redclaws, Redclaws (EN), escallonia, möki

Climate known 22 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Escallonia rubra, called redclaws and red escallonia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Escalloniaceae. It is native to southern Chile and neighboring areas of Argentina.

Text from Wikipedia, “Escallonia rubra”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Escallonia

Escallonia is a genus of shrubs and trees in the family Escalloniaceae. They are native to North and South America.

Text from Wikipedia, “Escallonia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Escalloniaceae
Described by
(Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Native to
Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South
Wild records
113 in range· 41 open

At a glance

Warmest month
19°C
Feb, mean day; nights 11 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
1785mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Jun 293 mm (CHELSA)
Light
9–48DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: a winter growing season, October to March in the northern hemisphere (April to September at the habitat, southern). Habitat rain 1785 mm a year, wettest June at 293 mm, driest February at 60 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 9 to 48 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -3.0 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Escallonia berberidifolia Speg.; Escallonia commutata Regel; Escallonia concinna Phil.; Escallonia duplicatoserrata J.Rémy; Escallonia glandulosa Sm. and 19 more.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: a winter growing season, October to March in the northern hemisphere (April to September at the habitat, southern).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the year's rain (1282 mm of 1785 mm) falls in April to September, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 7.5 °C against a yearly mean of 10.3 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: October to March.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1785 mm a year, wettest June at 293 mm, driest February at 60 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1785 mm a year at the habitat, 1282 mm of it April to September. Wettest month June at 293 mm, driest February at 60 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 605 mm to 3292 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 9 to 48 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 9 to 48 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 7, the highest 90th-percentile month 57).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -3.0 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -3.0 °C, the absolute minimum -9.0 °C, about 15 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 35.8 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 1.6 °C in July (across the envelope cells -2.8 °C to 7.8 °C), warmest day 19.0 °C in February (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -3.0 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 60 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 9 °C in Jul to 19 °C in Feb; mean night from 2 °C in Jul to 11 °C in Feb. The cold quarter, Jun to Aug, is the three months around the coldest night. 1785 mm of rain a year, most in Jun. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 98 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was -9.0 °C and the 99th-percentile day 35.8 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-10°10°20°30°40°frost35.8° 99th-percentile day (undated)-9.0° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500600mm rainDLI 9–48RH 60–68 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 98 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C19 / 15–2419 / 16–2517 / 13–2314 / 9–2012 / 5–179 / 3–149 / 2–1410 / 4–1511 / 6–1613 / 8–1915 / 11–2117 / 14–23
Night °C11 / 6–1511 / 7–1510 / 6–147 / 3–115 / 0–103 / -2–92 / -3–82 / -2–84 / -1–86 / 0–108 / 2–1210 / 5–14
Rain mm69 / 1–17060 / 2–14190 / 8–201149 / 28–273254 / 101–498293 / 130–588239 / 129–469208 / 97–391139 / 46–252120 / 19–22888 / 11–17076 / 3–186
DLI48 / 40–5642 / 34–5031 / 24–4020 / 15–3012 / 9–209 / 7–1611 / 8–1816 / 13–2426 / 21–3335 / 30–4443 / 38–5248 / 41–57
RH %60 / 53–6560 / 54–6562 / 55–6664 / 55–6767 / 57–6968 / 58–7166 / 57–6965 / 58–6863 / 58–6663 / 58–6662 / 56–6560 / 55–65

Each figure is the median across the 98 grid cells holding the 109 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 2532:2170 (-36.625, -71.475). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -9.0 °C, 1st-percentile night -3.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 35.8 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 98 distinct grid cells holding the 109 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2532:2170 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -36.50_-71.250, lapse-corrected -654 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 774 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeArgentina South, Chile Central, Chile South· introduced: Great Britain, Ireland, France, Spain, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Hawaii, Oregon
Kew's description“shrub or tree” · “temperate”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker-41.25, -72.5 · in the densest population, 61 records (54% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 113 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 41 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 82 km away. 1646 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 4 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 113 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Escallonia rubraEscallonia rubraEscallonia rubraEscallonia rubraEscallonia rubraEscallonia rubraEscallonia rubraEscallonia rubra

Photographs: John Anthony Devlin, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; wild_wind, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Sentis Crivelle, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; pierrecolin, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; Bella Stompedissel, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; ALEJANDRA RAMIREZ, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; Brice Brice JALON, CC BY-SA, via GBIF; Mike Dickison, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Escallonia rubra, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Multivariate analysis of pollen frequency of the native species Escallonia pulverulenta (Saxifragaceae) in Chilean honeys
Gloria Montenegro, Raúl C. Peña, Rodrigo Pizarro (2010) · Americanae (AECID Library)
Characterization of phenolic profile alterations in metal-polluted bee pollen via capillary electrophoresis
Enrique Mejías, Carlos J. Gomez, Pierre Gareil, Nathalie Delaunay (2018) · International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Draft genome assemblies for two species of Escallonia (Escalloniales)
André S. Chanderbali, Christopher Dervinis, Ioana G. Anghel, Pamela S. Soltis (2024) · BMC Genomic Data
Testing the suitability for coastal green areas of three ornamental shrub species through physiological responses to the saline nebulization
Ermes Lo Piccolo, Giulia Lauria, Elisa Pellegrini, Lorenzo Cotrozzi (2023) · Urban forestry & urban greening
Seed germination responses in a temperate rain forest of Chiloé, Chile: effects of a gap and the tree canopy
Javier A. Figueroa, Juan Francisco Hernandez (2001) · Biodiversity Heritage Library (Smithsonian Institution)
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not asked
inat.photos.wild not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: not asked: 24 wild photographs already from the GBIF download
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: filled 2026-09-20
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 39 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.