Forestiera pubescens Nutt.

Downy Elbowbush, Downy Forestiera, Elbow Bush, Spring-herald

Climate known 61 photographs

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Forestiera pubescens, commonly known as stretchberry, desert olive, tanglewood, devil's elbow, elbow bush, spring goldenglow, spring herald, New Mexico privet, or Texas forsythia is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.

Text from Wikipedia, “Forestiera pubescens”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Forestiera

Forestiera is a genus of flowering plants in the olive family, Oleaceae. Members of the genus are often called swampprivets. Most are shrubs.

Text from Wikipedia, “Forestiera”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family

Oleaceae

Described by

Nutt.

Native to

Colorado, Oklahoma, Arizona +7

Wild records

1724 in range· 484 open

At a glance

Warmest month

34°C

Aug, mean day; nights 23 °C (CHELSA)

Rain

799mm/yr

12 wet months · peak Jun 103 mm (CHELSA)

Light

18–44DLI

mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)

In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person

Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (February to June and September to November in the northern hemisphere). Habitat rain 799 mm a year, wettest June at 103 mm, driest January at 47 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 18 to 44 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -6.5 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Adelia pubescens (Nutt.) Kuntze; Forestiera ligustrina var. pubescens (Nutt.) A.Gray.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (February to June and September to November in the northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (594 mm of 799 mm) takes 8 months, February to June and September to November. Mean temperature moves 20.3 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: March to May and August to December.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 799 mm a year, wettest June at 103 mm, driest January at 47 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

799 mm a year at the habitat, 594 mm of it February to June and September to November. Wettest month June at 103 mm, driest January at 47 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 272 mm to 974 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 18 to 44 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 18 to 44 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 16, the highest 90th-percentile month 55).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -6.5 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -6.5 °C, the absolute minimum -17.6 °C, about 39 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 41.9 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 3.6 °C in January (across the envelope cells -4.7 °C to 6.2 °C), warmest day 33.7 °C in August (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -6.5 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 53 to 57% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 797 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale

Figures by month

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Day °C	14 / 7–17	16 / 9–19	20 / 13–22	25 / 18–26	28 / 23–30	32 / 28–32	34 / 29–35	34 / 28–35	30 / 25–31	25 / 20–27	19 / 13–21	14 / 7–17
Night °C	4 / -5–6	5 / -3–8	9 / -0–11	13 / 3–15	18 / 8–19	22 / 12–23	23 / 15–25	23 / 15–25	20 / 12–21	15 / 6–17	9 / 1–12	4 / -4–7
Rain mm	47 / 19–63	55 / 18–72	66 / 21–89	58 / 13–81	94 / 8–124	103 / 3–119	54 / 7–78	54 / 9–74	73 / 9–85	89 / 18–117	56 / 17–77	50 / 20–69
DLI	19 / 18–23	24 / 23–29	30 / 29–38	37 / 35–47	39 / 37–52	42 / 41–55	44 / 43–52	41 / 40–47	34 / 33–40	26 / 26–32	20 / 19–24	18 / 16–20
RH %	56 / 49–58	56 / 49–58	55 / 46–58	54 / 42–57	57 / 40–60	56 / 37–60	54 / 42–58	53 / 44–56	54 / 44–57	55 / 45–58	56 / 47–58	56 / 49–58

Each figure is the median across the 797 grid cells holding the 1647 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1138:1666 (33.075, -96.675). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -17.6 °C, 1st-percentile night -6.5 °C, 99th-percentile day 41.9 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 797 distinct grid cells holding the 1647 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1138:1666 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 33.00_-96.875, lapse-corrected +2 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 186 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.

Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.

NativeColorado, Oklahoma, Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Texas, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest

Kew's description“shrub” · “subtropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here

Map marker30.216, -97.965 · in the densest population, 1236 records (72% of those in range)

Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 1724 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 484 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 65 km away. 3 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 77 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.

The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 1724 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Photographs: (c) CK2AZ, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); no rights reserved · CC0 (5); (c) Morgan Hay, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Forestiera pubescens, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Fundamental Host Range ofLeptoypha hospita(Hemiptera: Tingidae), a Potential Biological Control Agent of Chinese Privet

Yanzhuo Zhang, James L. Hanula, Scott Horn, Cera Jones (2016) · Environmental Entomology

Calcined Clay Improves Germination of Arid Plant Species

Taun Beddes, Richard M. Anderson, Ricardo A. Ramirez (2013) · Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Biology and control of Eriophyid mites with a case study of Aceria sp. on New Mexico olive (Forestiera pubescens Nutt. var. pubescens)

Tessa R. Grasswitz (2012)

Occurrence Download