Species
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Stachytarpheta urticifolia Sims

Jakwe maitso, Muri wagwegwe, Nettleleaf Velvetberry

Climate known 56 photographs
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Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Stachytarpheta urticifolia, the nettleleaf velvetberry or dark blue snakeweed, is a species of lavender plant in the verbena family. In some countries it is considered as an invasive weed.

Text from Wikipedia, “Stachytarpheta urticifolia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Stachytarpheta

Stachytarpheta is a plant genus in the verbena family (Verbenaceae). The flowers are rich in nectar and popular with many butterflies, such as the South Asian crimson rose, Malabar banded swallowtail, and grass yellow. Hummingbirds, especially small species like Lophornis coquettes, Chlorostilbon emeralds, and Discosura thorntails, are especially attracted for nectar. More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Stachytarpheta”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Verbenaceae
Described by
Sims
Native to
Haiti, Leeward Is. AB Ant, Puerto Rico +4
Wild records
30 in range· 16 open

At a glance

Warmest month
28°C
Sep, mean day; nights 24 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
2044mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Nov 222 mm (CHELSA)
Light
29–42DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: a sharp rainy season, May to November at the habitat (not shifted); the temperature curve is flat (2.3 °C of range), so no growing season is inferred. Habitat rain 2044 mm a year, wettest November at 222 mm, driest February at 87 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 42 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 22.4 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Stachytarpheta urticaefolia (Salisb.) Sims.; Verbena salisburyi Endl.; Zappania urticifolia (Sims) Poir.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: a sharp rainy season, May to November at the habitat (not shifted); the temperature curve is flat (2.3 °C of range), so no growing season is inferred.

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the year's rain (1436 mm of 2044 mm) falls in May to November. The temperature curve is flat, 2.3 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; with a flat temperature curve there is no season to reverse, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 2044 mm a year, wettest November at 222 mm, driest February at 87 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

2044 mm a year at the habitat, 1436 mm of it May to November. Wettest month November at 222 mm, driest February at 87 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 1684 mm to 3307 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 42 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 42 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 28, the highest 90th-percentile month 43).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 22.4 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 22.4 °C, the absolute minimum 21.3 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 27.3 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 22.8 °C in February (across the envelope cells 18.9 °C to 24.7 °C), warmest day 27.7 °C in September (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 22.4 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 65 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 26 °C in Feb to 28 °C in Sep; mean night from 23 °C in Feb to 24 °C in Oct. The cold quarter, Jan to Mar, is the three months around the coldest night. 2044 mm of rain a year, most in Nov. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 23 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was 21.3 °C and the 99th-percentile day 27.3 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.15°20°25°30°35°27.3° 99th-percentile day (undated)21.3° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500600mm rainDLI 29–42RH 65–68 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 23 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C26 / 23–2826 / 23–2826 / 24–2826 / 24–2827 / 25–2827 / 25–2827 / 25–2928 / 26–3028 / 26–3128 / 25–3127 / 24–3026 / 23–28
Night °C23 / 19–2523 / 19–2523 / 19–2524 / 20–2524 / 20–2623 / 21–2623 / 21–2624 / 22–2624 / 21–2624 / 21–2624 / 20–2623 / 19–25
Rain mm116 / 90–39987 / 66–30493 / 41–319138 / 69–415193 / 112–538192 / 108–408212 / 108–261200 / 114–267204 / 62–307213 / 64–286222 / 125–287174 / 123–361
DLI31 / 28–3535 / 30–3840 / 32–4242 / 31–4340 / 28–4238 / 28–4138 / 32–4138 / 36–4137 / 35–3934 / 32–3832 / 30–3429 / 28–33
RH %67 / 61–7165 / 60–7065 / 61–7066 / 62–7168 / 63–7268 / 63–7267 / 64–7366 / 64–7365 / 62–7366 / 63–7366 / 64–7367 / 62–71

Each figure is the median across the 23 grid cells holding the 25 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1558:2366 (12.075, -61.675). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 21.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 22.4 °C, 99th-percentile day 27.3 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 23 distinct grid cells holding the 25 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1558:2366 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 12.00_-61.875, lapse-corrected +378 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 388 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeHaiti, Leeward Is. AB Ant, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Is., Venezuela, Brazil North· introduced: Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Is., Ethiopia, Sudan, Kenya, Angola, Cape Provinces, Chagos Archipelago, Comoros, Seychelles, Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Taiwan, Assam, East Himalaya, India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Is., Myanmar, Nicobar Is., Thailand, Vietnam, Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Is., Queensland, Fiji, Gilbert Is., Nauru, Niue, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Is., Cook Is., Line Is., Society Is., Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Caroline Is., Marianas, Marshall Is., Wake I., Hawaii, Florida
Kew's description“annual or subshrub” · “wet tropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker14.655, -61.019 · in the densest population, 15 records (50% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 30 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 16 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 259 km away. 1347 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 5 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 30 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Stachytarpheta urticifoliaStachytarpheta urticifoliaStachytarpheta urticifoliaStachytarpheta urticifoliaStachytarpheta urticifoliaStachytarpheta urticifoliaStachytarpheta urticifoliaStachytarpheta urticifolia

Photographs: no rights reserved · CC0 (5); (c) Sunčana Bradley, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Stachytarpheta urticifolia, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF STACHYTARPHETA URTICIFOLIA (SALISB) SIMS
R Sreelatha, Murali Mohan, Ashok Phani Kiran K, Sudesh Kumar (2014)
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Stachytarpheta 2 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not asked
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 66 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.