Species
+

Acer buergerianum Miq.

Chinese Maple, Taiwan Trident Maple, Trident maple, tō-kaede

Climate known 90 photographs Temperate garden plant
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Acer buergerianum is a species of maple native to eastern China, Taiwan and Japan. The specific epithet is a patronym honoring Dutch plant hunter J. Buerger (1804-1858).

Text from Wikipedia, “Acer buergerianum”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

Family
Sapindaceae
Described by
Miq.
Native to
China South-Central, China North-Central, China Southeast +1
Wild records
381 in range· 106 open

At a glance

Warmest month
31°C
Jul, mean day; nights 24 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
1430mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Jun 230 mm (CHELSA)
Light
17–34DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Grouped as a temperate garden plant by the genus Acer, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). Rain rule: a summer growing season, March to August in the northern hemisphere (March to August at the habitat, northern). Habitat rain 1430 mm a year, wettest June at 230 mm, driest December at 38 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 17 to 34 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -3.8 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Acer briergeranum Miq.; Acer buergerianum subsp. ningpoense (Hance) A.E.Murray; Acer buergerianum var. horizontale F.P.Metcalf; Acer buergerianum var. jiujiangense Z.X.Yu; Acer buergerianum var. ningpoense (Hance) A.E.Murray and 16 more.

Cultivation

Grouped as a temperate garden plant by the genus Acer, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). The table holds no figure for this group, which spans too much for one minimum; the cold floor is the habitat's alone, and no prose comes from the table.

Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, March to August in the northern hemisphere (March to August at the habitat, northern).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (1004 mm of 1430 mm) falls in March to August, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 21.5 °C against a yearly mean of 16.8 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: September to February.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1430 mm a year, wettest June at 230 mm, driest December at 38 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1430 mm a year at the habitat, 1004 mm of it March to August. Wettest month June at 230 mm, driest December at 38 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 732 mm to 3170 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 17 to 34 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 17 to 34 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 14, the highest 90th-percentile month 37).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -3.8 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -3.8 °C, the absolute minimum -14.7 °C, about 32 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 36.8 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 0.6 °C in January (across the envelope cells -4.3 °C to 10.3 °C), warmest day 31.0 °C in July (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -3.8 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 58 to 64% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 8 °C in Jan to 31 °C in Jul; mean night from 1 °C in Jan to 24 °C in Jul. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest night. 1430 mm of rain a year, most in Jun. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 251 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was -14.7 °C and the 99th-percentile day 36.8 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-20°-10°10°20°30°40°frost36.8° 99th-percentile day (undated)-14.7° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500mm rainDLI 17–34RH 58–64 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 251 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C8 / 6–1710 / 8–1815 / 12–2021 / 18–2425 / 22–2728 / 24–3031 / 26–3330 / 26–3227 / 23–2822 / 19–2516 / 13–2111 / 8–18
Night °C1 / -4–102 / -2–126 / 3–1412 / 9–1717 / 14–2021 / 17–2324 / 19–2624 / 18–2620 / 15–2314 / 10–208 / 3–163 / -2–12
Rain mm62 / 8–10576 / 12–151114 / 23–204128 / 33–240153 / 66–319230 / 90–401209 / 145–334170 / 132–380107 / 79–45980 / 46–17963 / 21–10838 / 8–74
DLI17 / 14–2020 / 16–2424 / 20–3129 / 25–3632 / 28–3731 / 28–3734 / 32–3732 / 30–3427 / 25–3023 / 20–2518 / 17–2117 / 14–20
RH %59 / 54–6560 / 53–6561 / 53–6661 / 53–6661 / 55–6764 / 57–6864 / 61–6864 / 61–6962 / 59–6760 / 57–6559 / 56–6458 / 55–63

Each figure is the median across the 251 grid cells holding the 315 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1188:5886 (30.575, 114.325). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -14.7 °C, 1st-percentile night -3.8 °C, 99th-percentile day 36.8 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 251 distinct grid cells holding the 315 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1188:5886 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 30.50_114.375, lapse-corrected -7 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 22 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeChina South-Central, China North-Central, China Southeast, Taiwan· introduced: Italy, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, Korea
Kew's description“tree” · “temperate”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker25.083, 121.533 · in the densest population, 301 records (79% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 381 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 106 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 126 km away. 652 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 66 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 381 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Acer buergerianumAcer buergerianumAcer buergerianumAcer buergerianumAcer buergerianumAcer buergerianumAcer buergerianumAcer buergerianum

Photographs: (c) chiuluan, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Marco Mussita, some rights reserved (CC BY) (6).

Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Acer buergerianum, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

The Ambrosia Symbiosis: From Evolutionary Ecology to Practical Management
Jiří Hulcr, Lukasz L. Stelinski (2016) · Annual Review of Entomology
Natural, semisynthetic and synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors
Sang Yeul Lee, Namhuk Baek, Tae‐gyu Nam (2015) · Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry
Botryosphaeriaceae: Current status of genera and species
Asha J. Dissanayake (2016) · Mycosphere
A second update to the checklist of the vascular flora alien to Italy
Gabriele Galasso, Fabio Conti, Lorenzo Peruzzi, Alessandro Alessandrini (2024) · Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology
More than a 600‐fold variation in nitrogen dioxide assimilation among 217 plant taxa
Hiromichi Morikawa, Asa Higaki, Masako Nohno, Misa Takahashi (1998) · Plant Cell & Environment
AJOM new records and collections of fungi: 1–100
KD Hyde (2020) · Asian Journal of Mycology
Allometric equations for estimating the aboveground volume of five common urban street tree species in Daegu, Korea
Tae Kyung Yoon, Chan-Woo Park, Sun Jeoung Lee, Suin Ko (2013) · Urban forestry & urban greening
Radiocesium contaminations of 20 wood species and the corresponding gamma-ray dose rates around the canopies at 5 months after the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident
Toshihiro Yoshihara, Hideyuki Matsumura, Shin‐nosuke Hashida, Toru Nagaoka (2012) · Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Acer 18 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 112 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.