Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex A.Cunn.
Dorrigo-pine, Moreton Bay Pine, Moreton Bay pine, Moreton Bay-pine
Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.
Summary
Araucaria cunninghamii is a species of conifer in the family Araucariaceae, known as hoop pine. Other less commonly used names include colonial pine, Queensland pine, Dorrigo pine, Moreton Bay pine and Richmond River pine. The scientific name honours the botanist and explorer Allan Cunningham, who collected the first specimens in the 1820s. It is the earliest-diverging extant lineage within the genus Araucaria, and the only species within section Eutacta native to continental mainland areas; all other species in the section are naturally confined to islands.
Text from Wikipedia, “Araucaria cunninghamii”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.
About the genus · Araucaria
Araucaria is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Araucariaceae. While today they are largely confined to the Southern Hemisphere, during the Jurassic and Cretaceous they were globally distributed. There are 20 extant species in New Caledonia, eastern Australia, New Guinea, Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay.
Text from Wikipedia, “Araucaria”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.
At a glance
Also known as Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton.
Cultivation
Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, May to November in the northern hemisphere (November to May at the habitat, southern).
This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.
The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (958 mm of 1233 mm) falls in November to May, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 21.9 °C against a yearly mean of 19.6 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: May to November.
Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain Habitat rain 1233 mm a year, wettest February at 195 mm, driest September at 41 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
1233 mm a year at the habitat, 958 mm of it November to May. Wettest month February at 195 mm, driest September at 41 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 874 mm to 1798 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light Open sky over the habitat: 20 to 41 mol/m²/day.
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Open sky over the habitat: 20 to 41 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 19, the highest 90th-percentile month 43).
CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Warmth and air Cold floor 9.9 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 9.9 °C, the absolute minimum 7.6 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 30.7 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 10.1 °C in July (across the envelope cells 6.1 °C to 17.6 °C), warmest day 27.7 °C in January (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 9.9 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).
NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 56 to 63% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.
The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.
Climate across the habitat
Figures by month
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 28 / 25–30 | 27 / 25–29 | 26 / 23–28 | 24 / 21–26 | 21 / 19–24 | 19 / 16–22 | 19 / 16–22 | 20 / 17–23 | 23 / 20–25 | 25 / 22–27 | 26 / 23–28 | 28 / 25–30 |
| Night °C | 20 / 17–24 | 20 / 17–24 | 19 / 16–24 | 17 / 13–22 | 14 / 10–20 | 11 / 7–18 | 10 / 6–18 | 11 / 7–18 | 13 / 10–20 | 16 / 12–21 | 18 / 14–23 | 20 / 16–24 |
| Rain mm | 151 / 99–303 | 195 / 126–349 | 143 / 81–249 | 114 / 60–192 | 98 / 51–163 | 68 / 40–118 | 47 / 30–81 | 43 / 28–70 | 41 / 22–66 | 76 / 39–105 | 110 / 81–148 | 147 / 119–196 |
| DLI | 40 / 38–42 | 35 / 34–38 | 32 / 31–36 | 27 / 26–32 | 22 / 20–27 | 20 / 19–25 | 22 / 21–27 | 28 / 26–31 | 35 / 34–39 | 38 / 37–43 | 40 / 39–43 | 41 / 40–43 |
| RH % | 62 / 59–67 | 63 / 61–68 | 63 / 60–68 | 62 / 59–66 | 61 / 59–65 | 59 / 57–64 | 57 / 55–63 | 56 / 54–62 | 57 / 54–62 | 59 / 56–62 | 60 / 58–64 | 61 / 59–65 |
Each figure is the median across the 586 grid cells holding the 1313 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 2407:6659 (-30.375, 152.975). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 7.6 °C, 1st-percentile night 9.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 30.7 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 586 distinct grid cells holding the 1313 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2407:6659 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -30.50_153.125, lapse-corrected -21 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 97 m (cell mean).
Natural habitat
Photographs
Photographs: no rights reserved · CC0 (2); (c) Tim, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Lucas Christofides, some rights reserved (CC BY) (5).
Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.
Papers naming this species
Works whose title or abstract names Araucaria cunninghamii, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.
Related
Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.
Harpullia pendula Black Tulip
Araucaria bidwillii Bunya Bunya
Pandorea jasminoides Bower vine
Castanospermum australe Australian Chestnut
Backhousia citriodora Australian lemon myrtle
Macadamia integrifolia BauplenutOther Araucaria 5 in the reference
Araucaria angustifolia Brazilian-pine
Araucaria araucana Chile pine
Araucaria bidwillii Bunya Bunya
Araucaria columnaris Cook Island Pine
Araucaria heterophylla Norfolk Island Pine History & registers
Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)wcvp.distribution answeredgbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zamclimate answeredwikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skippedinat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skippedinat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)gbif.media answeredopenalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skippedEvery upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 37 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.








