Species
+

Impatiens capensis Meerb.

Jewel-Weed, Jewelweed, Lady's-earrings, Orange Balsam

Climate known 61 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Impatiens capensis, the orange jewelweed, common jewelweed, spotted jewelweed, jewelweed, spotted touch-me-not, or orange balsam, is an annual plant in the family Balsaminaceae that is native to North America. It is common in bottomland soils, ditches, and along creeks, often growing side by side with its less common relative, yellow jewelweed (I. pallida).

Text from Wikipedia, “Impatiens capensis”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Impatiens

Impatiens is a genus of more than 1,000 species of flowering plants, widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and the tropics. Together with the genus Hydrocera, Impatiens make up the family Balsaminaceae.

Text from Wikipedia, “Impatiens”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Balsaminaceae
Described by
Meerb.
Native to
Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan +45
Wild records
783 in range· 103 open

At a glance

Warmest month
29°C
Jul, mean day; nights 20 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
1169mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Jul 112 mm (CHELSA)
Light
11–40DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (March to September and December in the northern hemisphere). Habitat rain 1169 mm a year, wettest July at 112 mm, driest February at 78 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 11 to 40 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -15.2 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Balsamina capensis (Meerb.) DC.; Balsamina fulva (Nutt.) Ser.; Chrysaea biflora (Walter) Nieuwl. & Lunell; Impatiens biflora Walter; Impatiens biflora Willd. and 18 more.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (March to September and December in the northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (824 mm of 1169 mm) takes 8 months, March to September and December. Mean temperature moves 24.4 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: September to March and June.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1169 mm a year, wettest July at 112 mm, driest February at 78 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1169 mm a year at the habitat, 824 mm of it March to September and December. Wettest month July at 112 mm, driest February at 78 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 951 mm to 1380 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 11 to 40 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 11 to 40 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 9, the highest 90th-percentile month 41).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -15.2 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -15.2 °C, the absolute minimum -27.8 °C, about 114 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 35.7 °C. Monthly means: coldest night -4.0 °C in January (across the envelope cells -9.8 °C to 0.9 °C), warmest day 28.6 °C in July (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -15.2 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 56 to 59% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 4 °C in Jan to 29 °C in Jul; mean night from -4 °C in Jan to 20 °C in Jul. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest night. 1169 mm of rain a year, most in Jul. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 570 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was -27.8 °C and the 99th-percentile day 35.7 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-40°-20°20°40°frost35.7° 99th-percentile day (undated)-27.8° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0255075100125150mm rainDLI 11–40RH 56–59 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 570 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C4 / -2–106 / 1–1211 / 6–1717 / 12–2222 / 18–2627 / 23–3029 / 26–3128 / 25–3124 / 21–2718 / 14–2212 / 8–166 / 1–11
Night °C-4 / -10–1-3 / -8–31 / -4–66 / 3–1112 / 9–1517 / 15–2020 / 17–2219 / 17–2216 / 13–189 / 7–124 / 1–7-1 / -6–3
Rain mm84 / 52–11478 / 50–125103 / 60–12899 / 80–119107 / 91–135110 / 95–126112 / 95–133101 / 83–12198 / 82–11791 / 70–11992 / 72–12294 / 57–130
DLI14 / 11–1720 / 18–2126 / 25–2933 / 31–3637 / 36–3940 / 38–4139 / 38–4134 / 33–3628 / 26–3021 / 18–2414 / 11–1811 / 9–15
RH %58 / 56–6357 / 55–6156 / 55–5856 / 54–5757 / 56–5958 / 57–6159 / 57–6159 / 58–6159 / 57–6158 / 57–6058 / 57–6059 / 57–63

Each figure is the median across the 570 grid cells holding the 737 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1016:1908 (39.175, -84.575). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -27.8 °C, 1st-percentile night -15.2 °C, 99th-percentile day 35.7 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 570 distinct grid cells holding the 737 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1016:1908 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 39.00_-84.375, lapse-corrected +14 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 248 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeAlberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward I., Québec, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode I., Vermont, West Virginia, Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia· introduced: Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Belgium, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, France, Japan, British Columbia, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, California, Mexico Northeast
Kew's description“annual” · “temperate”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker40.777, -73.745 · in the densest population, 265 records (34% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 783 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 103 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 66 km away. 45 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 46 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 783 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Impatiens capensisImpatiens capensisImpatiens capensisImpatiens capensisImpatiens capensisImpatiens capensisImpatiens capensisImpatiens capensis

Photographs: (c) Gavin Slater, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Mary Krieger, some rights reserved (CC BY) (4); (c) Robbie, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Dustin Snider, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Photographs: iNaturalist and GBIF media did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Impatiens capensis, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

EVIDENCE OF ADAPTIVE DIVERGENCE IN PLASTICITY: DENSITY- AND SITE-DEPENDENT SELECTION ON SHADE-AVOIDANCE RESPONSES IN IMPATIENS CAPENSIS
Kathleen Donohue, Dinan Messiqua, Elizabeth Hammond Pyle, M. Shane Heschel (2000) · Evolution
The invasive plant Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) inhibits ectomycorrhizal fungi in its introduced range
Benjamin E. Wolfe, Vikki L. Rodgers, Kristina A. Stinson, Anne Pringle (2008) · Journal of Ecology
The Adaptive Evolution of Plasticity: Phytochrome-Mediated Shade Avoidance Responses
Johanna Schmitt (2003) · Integrative and Comparative Biology
Mechanisms of selection for drought stress tolerance and avoidance in Impatiens capensis (Balsaminaceae)
M. Shane Heschel, Corinna Riginos (2005) · American Journal of Botany
Dominance and Suppression, Size-Dependent Growth and Self-Thinning in a Natural Impatiens Capensis Population
Johanna Schmitt, Jill Eccleston, David W. Ehrhardt (1987) · Journal of Ecology
ADAPTIVE DIVERGENCE IN PLASTICITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF IMPATIENS CAPENSIS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR PERFORMANCE IN NOVEL HABITATS
Kathleen Donohue, Elizabeth Hammond Pyle, Dinan Messiqua, M. Shane Heschel (2001) · Evolution

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Impatiens 7 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence search API
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media did not answercarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: api.gbif.org not asked: offline re-derivation
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 3 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.